The Research Says Red Light Therapy Can Help with Arthritis — Here’s the Latest

Arthritis is one of the most common causes of joint pain and stiffness, affecting millions of people worldwide. While medications and physical therapy remain standard approaches, many people are now exploring complementary treatments that can reduce pain, improve mobility, and enhance quality of life. One option that continues to gain traction is red light therapy (RLT), also known as photobiomodulation (PBM).

Recent studies (including several randomized controlled trials published in 2024–2025) suggest that red and near-infrared light can significantly reduce pain and improve function in people with arthritis — especially those with osteoarthritis of the knees and rheumatoid arthritis in the hands.

How Red Light Therapy Works

Red and near-infrared (NIR) light penetrate the skin and interact with cells in ways that:

• Boost energy production (ATP) in mitochondria, helping tissues repair and regenerate.

• Reduce inflammation by calming overactive immune responses in joints.

• Improve circulation, bringing oxygen and nutrients to damaged tissues.

• Dull pain signals, providing short-term relief while the body heals.

The most studied therapeutic ranges are:

• Red light: 630–670 nm

• Near-infrared light: 800–900 nm

These wavelengths penetrate tissues at different depths, with NIR reaching deeper into joints like the knee.

What the Research Shows

• Knee Osteoarthritis: In a recent trial with older adults, twice-daily self-applied red/NIR light led to about 50% pain reduction, with benefits lasting several months before re-treatment was needed.

• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Low-level laser/light therapy (LLLT) studies have shown up to 70% reductions in pain compared to controls, along with improved grip strength and reduced morning stiffness.

• Quality of Life: A 2024 review highlighted that people using photobiomodulation often report less reliance on pain medication and improved day-to-day mobility.

• Safety: Side effects are rare and mild, usually limited to temporary redness or warmth in the treated area.

Stanford Health Care (2025) notes that while results are promising, there’s still no “one-size-fits-all” protocol. Variables like wavelength, dose, frequency, and arthritis type all influence outcomes.

Treatment Protocols in Studies

While more standardization is needed, here’s what clinical trials most often use:

• Session length: 5–20 minutes per joint

• Frequency: 2–7 times per week for several weeks

• Treatment period: 4–12 weeks, with follow-up sessions as needed

• Best results: Seen when RLT is used consistently and combined with exercise or physical therapy

Who Might Benefit Most

• People with knee or hand osteoarthritis

• People with early to moderate rheumatoid arthritis

• Those seeking drug-free pain management or a complement to physical therapy

• Individuals sensitive to medications like NSAIDs

Safety and Precautions

• Always use eye protection if the device shines near the face.

• Avoid use over areas with active cancer, open wounds, or infection unless directed by a physician.

• People taking photosensitizing medications should consult their doctor first.

Red light therapy isn’t a cure for arthritis, but it can be a powerful adjunct treatment that reduces pain, improves mobility, and enhances quality of life. When paired with exercise, physical therapy, or other medical care, it may help many people move more freely and rely less on pain medications.

As research continues, protocols will become clearer — but the evidence already shows that this safe, non-invasive therapy deserves serious consideration for arthritis management.

f you’d like to explore how red light therapy could fit into your recovery or wellness plan, we’d be happy to walk you through the process and help you get started.